About calcium

It is necessary to eat calcium related food for every people in every age. Calcium will give strength to your bone and will keep you active. In the Previous article we have discussed about many useful thing about calcium. Now we are giving dietary requirements and food sources of calcium. Following information about calcium will help you to know which food contain how much calcium. It will help to choose food for your daily requirement.

Daily dietary requirements:
Pediatric:

Talk to your pediatrician before giving a child any nutritional supplement, including calcium.

Birth - 6 months: 200 mg
7 months - 1 year: 260 mg
1 - 3 years: 700 mg
4 - 8 years: 1000 mg
9 - 18 years: 1,300 mg

Calcium

We need calcium for the development and maintenance of strong bones and teeth, and that’s where about 99% of the body's calcium is found. Calcium also helps the heart, nerves, muscles, and other body systems work properly. It is probably best known for helping prevent osteoporosis. Our body needs several other nutrients in order for calcium to be absorbed and used properly, including magnesium, phosphorous, and especially vitamins D and K.

Calcium is important for overall health. Almost every cell in our body uses calcium in some way. Some areas where our bodies use calcium are in our nervous system, muscles, heart and bone. Our bones store calcium in addition to providing support for our bodies. As we age, we absorb less and less calcium from our diet, causing our bodies to take more and more calcium from our bones. Over time this aging process can cause or contribute to osteopenia or osteoporosis.

What is a Mineral

What is a mineral is a common question. While Vibrant Health is the remedy for all disease, it could be said that mineral depletion is the root of all disease. Minerals carry out the electrical transfer of energy required for all bodily functions, as they are the catalysts for electrolysis and metabolism. Along with amino acids, minerals are the building blocks of our biology. They are the key to our natural creation and assimilation processes. Nothing happens in the human body without minerals. How well it happens depends upon a few other things and is very much relative to the number and saturation of the broad spectrum of minerals our bodies require.

Minerals are needed in very small amounts in the and each one has a particular vibratory signature that resonates with its particular function within the body. Many minerals perform in conjunction with combinations of other minerals to execute their function. The functions of over 60 minerals needed in the body are not well understood and mineral deficiencies often go unrecognized and mistreated. Having a broad spectrum of minerals in our biology maintains a lower Ph which protects us from viral and bacterial infection.

Human beings cannot eat ground up rock or metals or shells, which is where our minerals do come from. In nature they are taken up by plant roots in the soils through a symbiotic relationship with microorganisms that do have the ability to eat rocks and metals. There are so few minerals available to the plants in the soils today because the microorganisms have been nearly completely annihilated. So, in order to benefit us, our mineral supplement needs to come from biologically available plant sources that carry a natural electrical charge recognizable to the body's electrical system. Now we think it clear about the question, what is

About vitamin K

History, about vitamin K:
In 1929, Danish scientist Henrik Dam investigated the role of cholesterol by feeding chickens a cholesterol-depleted diet. After several weeks, the animals developed hemorrhages and started bleeding. These defects could not be restored by adding purified cholesterol to the diet. It appeared that—together with the cholesterol—a second compound had been extracted from the food, and this compound was called the coagulation vitamin. The new vitamin received the letter K because the initial discoveries were reported in a German journal, in which it was designated as Koagulationsvitamin. Edward Adelbert Doisy of Saint Louis University did much of the research that led to the discovery of the structure and chemical nature of vitamin K. Dam and Doisy shared the 1943 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work on vitamin K (K1 and K2) published in 1939. Several laboratories synthesized the compound(s) in 1939.

The precise function of vitamin K was not discovered until 1974, when three laboratories (Stenflo et al., Nelsestuen et al., and Magnusson et al.) isolated the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor prothrombin (Factor II) from cows that received a high dose of a vitamin K antagonist, warfarin. It was shown that, while warfarin-treated cows had a form of prothrombin that contained 10 glutamate amino acid residues near the amino terminus of this protein, the normal (untreated) cows contained 10 unusual residues

Vitamin E

History
The first use for vitamin E as a therapeutic agent was conducted in 1938 by Widenbauer. Widenbauer used wheat germ oil supplement on 17 premature newborn infants suffering from growth failure. 11 out of the original 17 patients recovered and were able to resume normal growth rates. Later on, in 1948, while conducting experiments on alloxan effects on rats, Gyorge and Rose noted that the rats receiving tocopherol supplements suffered from less hemolysis than those that did not receive tocopherol. In 1949, Gerloczy administered all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate to prevent and cure edema. Methods of administration used were both oral, that showed positive response, and intramuscular, which did not show a response. This early investigative work on the benefits of vitamin E supplementation was the gateway to curing the vitamin E deficiency caused hemolytic anemia described during the 1960s. Since then, supplementation of infant formulas with vitamin E has eradicated this vitamin’s deficiency as a cause for hemolytic anemia.

Forms
The eight forms of vitamin E are divided into two groups; four are tocopherols and four are tocotrienols. They are identified by prefixes alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-. Natural tocopherols occur in the RRR-configuration only. The synthetic form contains eight different stereoisomers and is called all-rac-α-tocopherol.

α-Tocopherol
α-Tocopherol is an important lipid-soluble antioxidant. It performs its functions as
antioxidant in what is known by the glutathione peroxidase pathway and it protects cell membranes from oxidation by reacting with lipid radicals produced in the lipid peroxidation chain reaction. This would remove the free radical intermediates and prevent the oxidation reaction from continuing. The oxidized α-tocopheroxyl radicals produced in this process may be recycled back to the active reduced form through reduction by other antioxidants, such as ascorbate, retinol or ubiquinol. However, the importances of the antioxidant properties of this molecule at the concentrations present in the body are not clear and it is possible that the reason why vitamin E is required in the diet is unrelated to its ability to act as an antioxidant. Other forms of vitamin E have their own unique properties; for example, gamma-tocopherol is a nucleophile that can react with electrophilic mutagens.

Tocotrienols
Compared with tocopherols, tocotrienols are sparsely studied. Less than 1% of PubMed papers on vitamin E relate to tocotrienols. The current research direction is starting to give more